What is the first step in the clarification process that must be accommodated by equipment?

The first step in the clarification process is the rapid mix for coagulation. This initial phase is crucial as it involves the addition of coagulants to the water being treated. The purpose of coagulation is to destabilize colloidal particles that are suspended in the water, allowing them to aggregate into larger particles called flocs.

During this rapid mix phase, mechanical or hydraulic mixing is employed to ensure that the coagulants are evenly distributed throughout the water. This uniform distribution helps to ensure maximum interaction between the coagulants and the suspended particles, which is essential for effective coagulation. The success of subsequent stages, such as flocculation and sedimentation, heavily relies on the efficiency of this initial rapid mixing process.

In summary, starting with a rapid mix for coagulation sets the foundation for effective clarification in water treatment, making it the correct answer to this question.